Blue Solid New Energy's wholly-owned subsidiary, Jiangsu Blue Solid New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., has obtained the IATF16949 Quality Management System Certificate issued by TÜV Nord. The company's headquarters, Blue Solid (Changzhou) New Energy Co., Ltd., also received certification as an external support site for Jiangsu Blue Solid. The certification of IATF16949 signifies that the company has taken solid steps towards standardization and regularization in management. The company commits to continuously improving its quality management level and constantly meeting and exceeding customer expectations.Significance of CertificationQuality Commitment and Market CompetitivenessAs the gold standard for quality management in the automotive industry, the IATF 16949 standard comprehensively covers all requirements of ISO 9001 and adds specific requirements for the automotive industry as well as customer-specific requirements. This standard covers the entire automotive supply chain, from product design and development to production, delivery, and service, involving multiple processes such as management responsibility, resource management, product realization, and measurement, analysis, and improvement.Successfully obtaining the IATF 16949 certification is not only an endorsement of Blue Solid New Energy's quality management system but also signifies that Blue Solid has obtained a "passport" to enter the automotive industry. It demonstrates the company's firm commitment to continuous quality improvement and enhanced customer satisfaction, thereby increasing the company's visibility and market competitiveness.Certification ProcessFull Participation and Comprehensive ImprovementDuring the implementation and certification process of the system, Blue Solid New Energy strictly followed the requirements of the IATF16949 system standard and comprehensively advanced the operation of the system. Through activities such as training and learning of the IATF16949 system standard for all employees, internal audits, and company-wide improvement initiatives, the quality awareness of all employees was continuously enhanced, and process execution was standardized. Each department efficiently completed all system preparation work according to the planned schedule, laying a solid foundation for the successful certification.Looking AheadContinuous Excellence and Shared BrillianceTaking the certification of the IATF16949 system as an opportunity, Blue Solid New Energy will continue to strengthen quality management, supervise all employees to earnestly implement the system requirements, and further improve the quality management level to continuously provide customers with higher-quality products and services. We firmly believe that through continuous efforts and innovation, Blue Solid New Energy will work with you to create an even more brilliant future.We sincerely thank every employee for their hard work and every customer for their trust and support. Let us move forward together and jointly write a new chapter in Blue Solid's quality management!

With the rapid growth of our company's business, energy consumption has become an increasingly prominent issue. Energy conservation and emission reduction have become urgent tasks that we need to address. Against this backdrop, the project center actively responded to the company's call and launched an energy management and control program in March this year, and organized relevant training to enhance the energy-saving awareness of all employees.Scientific Formulation of Energy-saving StrategiesIn May, the headquarters and each subsidiary conducted daily collection and statistical analysis of energy data. The analysis revealed that the electricity consumption of public auxiliary equipment accounted for as high as 80%, with the dehumidifiers and accompanying chillers in the dry rooms being particularly prominent.In August, the Engineering Center, as a pilot, proposed strategies for energy conservation and emission reduction:Concentrated Experimental ActivitiesWhere feasible, experiments are scheduled in a concentrated manner to reduce the use of dehumidifiers and maximize energy savings.Centralized Use of EquipmentFor experiments involving large equipment that is not easily movable, they are concentrated in laboratories served by the same dehumidifier to avoid the simultaneous operation of multiple devices, thereby saving energy.Staggered Use of LaboratoriesIf dehumidification is required in each laboratory, the use of laboratories is staggered, employing peak and off-peak pricing strategies to save energy and reduce costs.    Optimization and Adjustment of Equipment ParametersIn addition, the maintenance team found that some dry rooms had a dew point requirement of -40℃, but the actual dew point reached -50℃ after the dehumidifiers were running, causing energy waste. To optimize equipment parameters and improve resource utilization, the following measures were taken:Laboratory managers are required to record the operating hours of dehumidifiers for the week and plan the use of laboratories in a coordinated manner to avoid idle operation of equipment and improve equipment utilization.Adjust Dehumidifier ParametersUnder the guidance of the manufacturer, the regeneration temperature and return air dew point of the dehumidifiers were adjusted to control the room dew point between -40℃ and -45℃, significantly reducing heating energy consumption.Adjust Chilled Water Outlet TemperatureThe outlet temperature of the chillers was also adjusted to operate under energy-saving conditions, avoiding energy waste.Significant Improvement in Energy-saving EffectsAfter nearly a month of energy statistics, daily energy consumption has decreased by about 20%. This has not only effectively reduced the energy consumption of the Engineering Center but also laid a solid foundation for the company's sustainable development.Looking to the future, we will continue to explore new methods of energy conservation and emission reduction, commit to green development, and keep moving forward. We believe that through continuous efforts and innovation, we can achieve business growth while also contributing to environmental protection.

Recently, Caihuanet, in collaboration with The STAR Market Daily, released the "2024 Sci-Tech Innovation Good Companies" list. Blue Solid New Energy stood out with its continuous innovation capabilities and high growth potential, successfully making it to the "2024 New Materials Good Companies" list. This marks the second consecutive year that Blue Solid New Energy has been honored on the list.The selection this year, themed "Journey to the Distant Stars," focused on seven cutting-edge fields: chips and semiconductors, innovative healthcare, high-end equipment, new energy vehicles and intelligent driving, digital economy, new energy and carbon neutrality, and new materials. It comprehensively evaluated companies through multiple dimensions, including business performance, innovation capabilities, industrial impact, and product strength, aiming to identify and recognize emerging companies with the greatest growth potential and industry leadership, providing an observational perspective on the development trends of China's sci-tech innovation sector.Blue Solid New Energy possesses core technologies and patents in solid-state electrolyte materials, including oxides, in-situ solidification, sulfides, and polymer composites. The company is capable of providing electrolyte solutions for semi-solid and all-solid-state cells to customers. Its products are applied in companies producing cathodes, anodes, separators, and cells, targeting cell systems with high safety, high energy density, high rate capability, wide temperature range, and long cycle life. Currently, the company's oxide solid-state electrolyte has entered mass production, with the first thousand-ton production line in the industry established. Meanwhile, the company has built a capacity of 55,000 tons for in-situ solidification electrolyte, hybrid solid-liquid electrolyte, lithium battery electrolyte, and sodium battery electrolyte.Being listed on the "2024 Sci-Tech Innovation Good Companies" not only highlights Blue Solid New Energy's outstanding contributions in the field of new materials but also fully demonstrates the company's remarkable achievements in product innovation, technology research and development, and market foresight. This honor injects strong momentum into Blue Solid New Energy's continuous development and represents an important responsibility for its future growth.Looking to the future, Blue Solid New Energy will continue to fulfill its mission of "becoming a world-class new energy material company" by increasing investment in product research and development and technological innovation. The company remains committed to providing users with higher quality, more reliable products and services to achieve long-term development.

No kind of beauty can surpass responsibility, no moment of touching does not originate from rigor, and no success is not based on the professional ethics of "being dedicated to one's job and loving one's work." For a long time, Li HAITAO from the Equipment Group of the Production Management Department of Jiangsu Blue Solid has been quietly practicing and interpreting this virtue with his actions.At around 22:00 on December 2, 2024, the night shift worker Li Yang reported a equipment malfunction in the work group. At that time, there were only two people on the night shift, and the two kilns were still in normal production. Faced with this sudden situation, after seeing the information in the group, Li HAITAO from the Equipment Group proactively asked the night shift maintenance personnel if they needed help and rushed to the company at the fastest speed.Upon arriving at the scene, Li HAITAO, Zhou Hui, and Li Yang, after taking proper safety precautions, began to inspect the equipment according to the maintenance procedures. After a careful examination, they found that the base part was damaged. After confirming the problem, they quickly developed a repair plan and began the intense repair work. During the repair process, they had clear division of labor and close cooperation. With his rich experience and technical skills, Li HAITAO skillfully disassembled and replaced the damaged parts; Zhou Hui was responsible for providing the necessary tools and materials and assisted Li HAITAO in the relevant operations; Li Yang closely monitored the equipment status to ensure the smooth progress of the repair work. After nearly four hours of effort, they finally successfully fixed the equipment problem. Only after confirming that the equipment was running normally did they breathe a sigh of relief.It was already 2 a.m., but they had no complaints and continued to monitor the operation of the equipment to ensure that no further problems would occur.This emergency repair of the equipment not only demonstrated the high sense of responsibility and dedication of the equipment group members but also showcased their solid technical skills and teamwork. Faced with sudden equipment failures, they were able to respond quickly and handle them efficiently, ensuring the normal progress of production and providing strong support for the delivery of products to customers. It also made full preparations for the customer audit on December 3, ensuring the smooth progress of the audit.Dear colleagues, let's learn from Li HAITAO! Let us use a rigorous work attitude to hold our own positions and treat every task with a full sense of responsibility. Loving one's job and being dedicated to work is the most basic professional ethics for every employee. Let us gather around the example, stand firm in our positions, love our jobs, and work hard to contribute to the high-quality development of Blue Solid.

We've Moved to a New OfficeThis is the best choice and the best beginning. From this moment on, our large family will embark on a new journey together in this brand-new office space.At 10:18 a.m. on December 18, 2024, the office building occupancy ceremony of Blue Solid (Zibo) New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. was held on schedule.Amidst the cheers and laughter of all employees, the ceremony officially began. The management of Zibo Blue Solid New Energy crossed the threshold with sincere blessings, each with a beaming smile on their face. Sugarcane—reaching new heights; dragon fruit—prosperity and success; apples—peace and safety; fans and mineral water—thriving business; steamed buns—continuous progress; persimmons—good fortune in all matters; wine—long-lasting success; and the money pot—rolling in wealth.Mr. Wang Min, Deputy General Manager of Zibo Blue Solid, addressed the ceremony: The inauguration of the new office and research building marks a new phase in the company's development. This new building is not just a structure; it is a stage for our collective efforts and a window to showcase our team's strength and corporate image. In this brand-new environment, we will unite even more closely, work hand in hand, and contribute to the company's development.The ceremony concluded successfully with Deputy General Manager Wang Min's speech!

文｜张麟封面来源｜视觉中国钠离子电池正在变得有信心。当各个车企、电池厂商因为上游原材料涨价和“抢”不到锂矿而焦虑的时候，已经有越来越多的企业开始布局钠离子电池了。例如英国FARADION公司、美国Natron Energy公司、法国NAIADES公司、日本岸田化学、松下、三菱，国内的企业则有钠创新能源、中科海钠、众钠能源、星空钠电、立方新能源、宁德时代等。从时间线上来看，一般认为2010年是钠离子电池复兴的节点，但我国的钠离子电池产业发展基本在2015年才真正开始。在经过了多年蛰伏后，近两年钠离子电池领域的公司可谓蓬勃爆发。中科海钠、宁德时代等钠离子电池量产在即的企业被推上风口浪尖，此外还有一大批成立仅一、两年的创业企业涌现。相关领域的一位创业者告诉36氪：“现在几乎所有的电池厂商都在布局钠离子电池，只不过角度和进度不同罢了，这是一块大蛋糕。”01资本火热钠离子电池的火热有两方面的原因，一是锂矿作为贵金属矿产储量有限，再加上疫情、全球政治等因素影响导致的价格猛涨。数据显示，2020年6月，国内碳酸锂的价格仅为4.19万元/吨，到今年3月份，一举达到了50万元，尽管近期价格有所回落但仍处于高位，生意社数据显示，5月20日碳酸锂参考价为45万元/吨。二是作为新能源体系中最重要的原材料，过于单一的供应会对市场及行业的发展带来隐患，尤其是想我国这样优质电池级碳酸锂储量并不太多的国家，这种威胁是存在的，从近年来多家国内锂离子电池厂商和汽车厂商在海外“抢矿”就可见一斑。同时由于新能源汽车及其他新能源产业的发展，下游明显的需求体量在持续扩大，供不应求的情况在加剧。曾经新能源汽车主机厂始终在等待上游电池供应商的产能释放，但现在看来单靠释放产能已经远远不够了，还需要向原材料“开刀”。而这直接引起了资本和创业者对钠离子电池产业的关注。图片数据来源：天眼查，36氪整理 从相关统计数据可以看出，相当一部分布局钠离子电池业务的企业在2020年前后都进行了融资行为，钠离子电池创业项目也多在2020年开始被市场重视。目前国内布局钠离子电池的企业非常多，但总体可以分为两大类，一类是创业公司，另一类则是长期从事锂离子电池及上游原料生产的老牌供应商。例如容百科技正在进行钠离子电池锰铁普鲁士白及层状氧化物正极材料的技术研发和产线建设，相关信息显示其可在今年实现吨级产出。华阳股份也已经和中科海钠等企业合作，建设了正负极材料生产线和钠离子电池电芯生产线，其中电芯生产线于今年年初在阳泉市开工，但目前这些生产线还没有投产或量产。最引人瞩目的还是宁德时代。宁德时代在去年7月发布了第一代钠离子电池，并在同年8月取得了包括正极极片、负极极片、隔离膜及电解液在内的钠离子电池专利。其160Wh/kg 的能量密度号称世界最高。而在创业公司中，中科海钠是成立时间最早的钠离子电池创业项目，成立于2017年2月，经过多轮融资和入股，目前中科海钠的注册资本已经增加至3094.995万元人民币，相关消息显示，中科海钠目前的估值已经超过了50亿元。中科海钠5年来大量吸金的一大原因是其市场定位。中科海钠将自己定位成了一个钠离子电池的全能供应商，这种角色很像比亚迪。目前来看其在正极、负极、电解液、电池pack生产等方面都进行了控制，或者进行自主研发，或者与别的公司、政府合资建厂。例如在产线方面，中科海钠也得到了三峡集团和地方政府的支持。2021年底，三峡能源公告称三峡能源与三峡资本、中科海钠以及安徽省阜阳市政府签订了钠离子电池产线的合作协议，将共同建设钠离子电池规模化量产线。这么做的好处是可以在产品应用初期建立生产供应优势，从而快速抢占市场，但同时这也会花费大量的资金。和中科海钠形成对比的是2018年成立的钠创新能源。虽然仅比中科海钠成立晚了一年，但钠创新能源的主要业务集中在钠离子电池的正极材料及电解液的研发生产方面。相关产业投资人表示“未来钠离子电池创业赛道中，做上游原材料开发的项目应该要多于做电池生产的项目，这是由创业难度决定的。”但这并不代表从事钠离子电池上游原材料研发的创业项目就没有市场优势。例如钠创新能源计划在今年实现3000吨正极材料和5000吨电解液的投产，并在未来的3-5年内，分期建设8万吨正极材料和配套电解液生产线。业内人士称“如果钠创新能源一年可以销售3000吨正极材料并配套销售3000吨电解液，其年销售额将达到5亿元左右。按照目前钠创新能源的估值和二级市场规则，其在科创板上市问题不大。”也就是说，即使只生产上游原料，如正极材料、电解液等，仍然可以产生上市公司。而且重要的是，正极材料生产线的建设成本会比整包电池产线低得多，预计会在千万元左右。而且就目前钠创新能源的生产状况来看，下游需求是十分巨大的。据36氪了解，钠创新能源的正极材料中试线目前处于24小时开机状态，下游客户包括蜂巢能源等，正极材料很可能会供给多家公司进行产品和技术验证。如果是这样下游客户不可能利用少量的正极材料推出商用产品，也意味着后期其对上游材料的需求量会持续加大。另一个值得关注的创业企业是成立仅一年多的江苏众钠能源科技有限公司。从公开资料来看，众钠能源的产品为硫酸铁钠电池，其专利布局高性能正极材料制备方法，据称已经与多家下游客户达成了战略合作，第一代产品将于年内交付。可以看到，目前市场上无论是哪种属性的钠离子电池公司，都存在两个趋势：争分夺秒地推出商用产品推向市场，以及资本有目的性地参与。我们可以看到，宁德时代、中科海钠等公司纷纷表示会在今年实现钠离子电池的量产。今年已经过半，各家企业能否在下半年兑现“承诺”犹未可知，但钠离子电池量产后的应用也是各家企业必须重点关注的。由于钠离子电池的性能还没有经过市场的大规模验证，其用在什么领域、电池路线是否正确以及采用什么样的市场策略来铺开电池应用，都将影响企业产品的市场表现和占有率。从目前的市场情况来看，宁德时代已经推出了“锂钠混合电池包”，这种产品形态很有可能将用在低速电动车甚至乘用车上，当然宁德时代也一定会将钠离子电池单独用在其他领域。除了宁德时代外，其他的钠离子电池制造商似乎更倾向于两轮电动车市场和储能市场。而在资本方面，钠离子电池领域投资的目的性开始增强。例如中科海钠，2018年中科海钠完成了国科嘉和、中科院物理所的天使轮融资，但Pre-A轮和A轮融资的资方已经变成中科创星、梧桐树资本和海松资本。今年4月，华为哈勃投资也入股了中科海钠，持股比例约为13.33%。结合华为的储能业务可以很好地理解其在电池领域的投资动作。今年年初，有媒体报道称华为将在日本销售用于可再生能源储存的大型电池系统，采购渠道就包括宁德时代在内的多家电池制造商。但相关人士表示，结合华为的通信业务和钠离子电池产品成熟度等因素，华为或首先将钠离子电池用在基站场景。钠创新能源也是如此。浙江医药作为钠创新能源的创始股东，起初持有40%的股权，之后随着钠创新能源的发展股权一再减少，目前为14.16%。新股东则出现了淮海新能源之类的更具产业特性的企业。而淮海新能源的主要产品就是低速电动车和电动三轮车，早在2018年，淮海新能源就为宅急送、苏报速达、顺丰等企业交付了总共12000辆快递车。从应用市场来看，除了储能、基站等场景，电动车领域仍然是钠离子电池不能完全忽视的市场，在低速电动车和两轮电动车已经开始使用钠离子电池的情况下，其应用车型的逐步拓宽是符合市场发展规律的。而众钠能源今年3月宣布得到了由碧桂园创投独家领投的新一轮融资，也被认为和下游应用场景布局有关。碧桂园虽然是一个房地产开发商，但近年来其一直在加大绿色建筑的开发力度，并且已经在建筑行业链条中进行了全方位布局。碧桂园发布的《2020年度可持续发展报告》显示， 2020年，碧桂园新增64个满足国家绿色建筑评价标准建设的项目，已获取国家绿建标准认证项目46个，累计满足国家绿色建筑评价标准建设的项目936个，面积21201万平方米。相关人士表示，碧桂园入股众钠能源，可能会将钠离子电池储能系统用于楼宇和园区，进一步提升建筑项目的环保及低能耗水平。除了我国，世界各国的公司尤其是欧美企业，也在积极布局钠离子电池。比较知名的包括Faradion（英国）、Tiamat（欧洲）、Altris AB（欧洲）、Natron Energy、Aquion Energy（美国）等，日本的松下、三菱也有相关动作但进度比较缓慢。其中，Natron Energy和柯锐世（Clarios International）在今年5月份宣布达成了战略协议，将合作进行大规模钠离子电池的生产。Natron Energy研发钠离子电池的时间比较长，可能已经超过了10年。同时根据腾讯新闻的报道，多家财富500强公司通过独立测试和实际部署验证了Natron的技术，这也意味着其产品性能可能已经获得了一定程度的市场认可。在国内市场，从目前的状态来看，宁德时代和中科海钠很可能会成为钠离子电池领域的龙头企业。尤其是中科海钠，其同样有着较长的研发时间和研发实力，和Natron Energy一样，这种逻辑能够给资本市场信心。相关业内人士对36氪说：“虽然中科海钠的电池还没有出来，但它至少是一个科研方面的头部公司，再加上客户、机构和地方政府的支持，中科海钠成为钠离子电池行业里创业阵营的老大还是很有机会的。”02钠电难在哪？即使目前宁德时代、中科海钠以及一大批创业企业和电池供应商都在加紧研制钠离子电池，但现实情况是除了少部分试点试用项目，目前钠离子电池的量产应用情况并不太好。钠离子电池的研制生产难在哪？从技术角度看，钠离子电池目前面临的最大困难是正极材料的选择。钠离子电池不像锂离子电池，目前已经确定了镍钴锰/镍钴铝三元结构，和磷酸铁锂结构，钠离子电池的正极材料目前还处于研发阶段，而正极材料是影响电池能量密度、循环寿命等性能指标的决定性因素。目前钠离子电池的正极材料种类超过100种，但主流的三种材料为过渡金属氧化物、聚阴离子化合物和普鲁士蓝（白）类化合物，其中过渡金属氧化物又分为层状过渡金属氧化物和隧道型过渡金属氧化物（目前隧道型市场关注度较低）。过渡金属氧化物的比容量较高，但在发生电化学反应时，此类正极材料的稳定性较差，提高稳定性也是目前针对过渡金属氧化物正极材料的最大的攻关方向。普鲁士蓝（白）类化合物与过渡金属氧化物类似，作为正极材料同样具有较高的比能量，但可能在电池循环过程中削弱正极材料稳定性和循环性。聚阴离子化合物的特性与上两种材料正相反，其电化学反应稳定性较高，但作为正极材料的比容量较低。从目前市场上几个热点公司的角度来看，中科海钠和钠创新能源都采用了层状过渡金属氧化物的技术路径。2020年，中科海钠创始人兼董事长胡勇胜团队还联合多所世界高校提出了一种简单的预测钠离子层状氧化物构型的方法，并在实验上证实了该方法的有效性，相关成果于2020年11月6日在线发表在了《科学》杂志上。钠创新能源宣布量产的正极材料同样是层状过渡金属氧化物，其具体材料配方和中科海钠不同。但36氪获悉，其并没有停止普鲁士蓝（白）和聚阴离子化合物的研发，不过相关研发主体转移到了今年年初成立的上海交通大学绍兴新能源与分子工程研究院。至于为何多家企业在现阶段都选择了层状过渡金属氧化物，相关人士表示“从理论上讲层状过渡金属氧化物是最有发展前途的，其他的材料攻关难度更大，优势仅在于成本比较低而已。”目前层状过渡金属氧化物的正极材料由于没有量产，各家细分配方专利也有所区别，因此价格区间较大。某从业人员表示：“现在正极材料价格很难说，根据供给批量不同，贵的可能要三十几万一吨，便宜的可能就几万块一吨。”宁德时代的主要技术路径则是研发普鲁士白类化合物。普鲁士白类化合物在合成过程中会产生水，但制造正极过程中必须保证极板内无水，否则会严重威胁电池安全，因此去除水的过程成为了普鲁士白类化合物正极材料的研发难点。相关人士表示：“虽然宁德时代已经宣称生产出来钠离子电池了，但由于他们的材料选择，估计还没有实现完全的技术攻关。”由于正极材料的不确定性，钠离子电池的市场化应用目前还处于“临门一脚”的状态。某业内人士对36氪说：“从实际水品看，现在的钠离子电池只有3500—4000次的循环寿命，这肯定是不行的，未来如果真的要用在储能上，循环寿命要达到1万次左右才可以。”例如宁德时代发布的第一代钠离子电池，官方数据循环寿命也仅为3000次，但宁德时代称其下一代钠离子电池能量密度将从160Wh/kg突破至200Wh/kg，如果能再不进一步损失循环寿命的前提下提高能量密度，其市场意义也是比较大的。还有中科海钠，有消息称中科海钠将在2025年把其钠离子电池的循环寿命提高一个等级，但是具体提高多少、用什么技术手段进行提高等问题还没有详细信息。钠离子电池量产遇到的另一个需要解决的问题是产线搭建和生产运营。虽然钠离子电池的产线和生产技术可以完全照搬锂离子电池，但在各大动力电池厂商都在加紧扩大产能以满足新能源汽车市场需求的当下，钠离子电池企业尤其是创业公司，需要白手起家搭建并运营产线。这需要很多钱。此时钠离子电池创业公司的研发能力、团队背景就可能会为企业带来融资方面的优势。例如中科海钠团队以胡勇胜为主，脱身于中科院物理所，同时有着中科创星的资本青睐，团队阵容在市场上很亮眼。而钠创新能源的马紫峰团队出身于上海交通大学，众钠能源的赵建庆团队出身于苏州大学，相关人士表示，目前国内钠离子电池创业项目基本分为了“中科系”和“高校系”。除了资金，在人员储备方面各个创业公司也在积极作为。例如众钠能源，其仅官网公开的招聘信息，岗位就包括研发工程师、助理工程师、材料工艺工程师、测试工程师、电气工程师、机械工程师、BMS系统工程师、PACK系统工程师、市场经理、业务主管等，几乎所有岗位都在招人。关于招人，某业内人士表示“目前电池市场上人员的流动性还是有的，并且有两个明显趋势，即‘从低往高走’和‘从老往新走’。”也就是说一部分优秀的技术人才会不断提升自己的平台，同时新的创业公司相较于老牌电池厂商，对人才的吸引力会增强。某机构人士对36氪说：“电池领域的初创公司往往更有活力，机会也更多，确实能够吸引到业内的一些人才。”03目标：储能我国相关政策已经明确了未来几年大力发展商业化储能的政策方针。同时根据CNESA全统计，截至2020年底，全球已投运储能项目累计装机规模达191.1GW，其中抽水蓄能的累计装机规模最大，占比为90.3%；电化学储能的装机规模第二，占比为7.5%。相较于抽水蓄能和压缩空气储能，电化学储能完全不用考虑地理条件，几乎能在任何位置配置任何容量的储能装置，且拥有很高的充放电效率，这也是我国在未来几年大力发展电化学储能的重要原因之一。同时为了实现能源转型，减少或避免弃风弃光，我国风电光伏产业是要强制配备储能设备的。相关人士向36氪表示“现在五大发电集团，都在布局电化学储能。”例如3月29日，安徽省能源局印发了《关于征求2022年第一批次光伏发电和风电项目并网规模竞争性配置方案意见的函》，拟安排1.5GW光伏、1GW风电项目。如果按照安徽省鼓励配置20%储能容量的政策来计算，上述项目将产生500MW的储能装机量，预计其中绝大多数将由电化学储能来完成。电化学储能的市场政策为钠离子电池吹来了东风。钠离子电池的理论成本更低，工作温度更宽，性能与储能环境更为匹配。其能在-20℃下容量保持率大于88%，这意味着相较于锂离子电池，钠离子电池能有效解决高寒地区储能电站效率低下的问题。结合我国风电分布情况来看，我国风电项目主要发电分布在东北、华北、西北、东部沿海各省及云南等地，而风电项目分布热力图显示，内蒙古、河北、宁夏、新疆、东北以及云南等地更为突出。例如截至2019年，我国西北地区累计装机容量5713万千瓦，占全国累计装机24.2%，其中包括新疆8.8%、甘肃5.6%、宁夏5.1%等。而这些地区冬季最低温度多在-20℃以下，相关储能系统搭载钠离子电池也许更加适配当地自然环境。同时，目前市场上锂离子电池供不应求的情况也还在加剧。对储能市场来说这其中既有锂矿涨价的原因，还有产能分配的原因。由于给新能源汽车供应动力电池会有更高的议价空间，因此电池厂商往往会在产能分配、供货等方面优先满足新能源车企，主动权和议价权几乎掌握在了动力电池厂商手中，储能项目想拿到电池是很难的。这个观点得到了多方验证，某相关行业研究人员表示“电池厂商的绝大部分产能都排产到新能源汽车里面了，所以储能的出货量就没那么多，而且现在储能的电池又没有像电动汽车上的电池卖的价格高，所以权衡后电池厂商可能会考虑效益，看哪个利益更大就做哪个市场，现在某些做储能的创业公司，拿到电池的排期都在很久以后了。”但一个有意思的现象是：钠离子电池的推动力目前更多的来源于上游的制造商和资本市场，而非下游的客户需求。尽管钠离子电池在储能行业的应用前景持续向好，尽管现在集成商获得电池有些困难，甚至需要和电池供应商搞好关系，然而目前我国电化学储能市场上主要应用的仍然是磷酸铁锂电池。以电化学储能项目运营商为主的下游客户，对钠离子电池的态度远没有上游企业积极。国内某大型风电企业告诉36氪：“目前风电光伏配储能是我们不得不做的事情，现在磷酸铁锂电池很成熟，我们就用磷酸铁锂电池，未来钠离子电池成熟了，我们在综合考量成本、占地面积、电池性能等因素后，应该也不会排斥。但目前下游市场还处于一个观望状态。”另外一个值得关注的因素是，锂离子电池已经在通过CTP、CTC技术取消电池pack来降低电池成本了，这一技术同样可以应用在储能电站中，来降低储能系统的建设成本。再加上成熟的锂离子电池成熟的产品体系和性能，以及钠离子电池还没量产的市场状态，现阶段下游客户似乎没有主动选择钠离子电池的市场动力。某研究机构人员表示：“现在也有一些不是特别看好钠离子电池产业的人，储能企业可能偏多一些，认为实际量产和储能应用中会出现什么问题目前无法完全预测出来，但这部分声音比较小众，会被行业所忽略。”在量产方面，文中提到了国内、国外制造商的钠离子电池量产时间均在今明两年，但36氪获悉，部分产业人员认为这个时间可能会在5年左右，甚至5年内真正实现量产已经是一个理论上的乐观估计了。同时，由于钠离子电池正极材料的不确定性，目前的试验生产成本非常高，36氪并没有获得具体成本信息，但相关从业者表示“现在所有的厂家都说的是钠离子电池量产后的成本，这仅仅是一个推算出来的数字，当下的制造成本他们是不会说的。”某行业报告曾指出，钠离子电池成本在推广期可能为0.5- 0.7元/Wh，这个数字基本和目前涨价过后的磷酸铁锂电池持平了；发展期可能为0.3-0.5元/Wh；爆发期可能为0.3元/Wh，等到钠离子电池产能达到GWh水平时，各项费用的摊薄才能使其成本优势将显现出来。由于电化学储能设备的安全性权重很高，钠离子电池最先试用的市场很可能不是储能领域，而是在电动自行车、低速电动车、路灯基站等场景中。某研究机构人员告诉36氪：“你很难想象在锂离子电池用于储能还没有规模化的时候，钠离子电池会很快用上去，它的安全性也不可能通过储能设备这种容量来验证。”当然，关于应用前景和钠离子电池的成本优势，目前行业主流观点仍然是乐观的，是大势所趋的。某行业从业人员也表示“大家对钠离子电池还是抱有很大希望的，由于储能市场规模非常大，而且锂离子电池还是有点贵，大家还是希望钠离子电池有朝一日用上了，很多问题能够迎刃而解。”而且，由于储能市场规模庞大，即使目前各个储能项目选用了锂离子电池，其覆盖范围也非常小。也就是说，即使钠离子电池几年后才能真正应用在储能行业，其市场空间并不会被锂离子电池占据太多，仍然能够大规模的装载应用。总的来说，钠离子电池量产在即，但应用层面，尤其是在储能行业的应用，仍是一个需要持续努力的目标。好在由于钠的储量较为丰富且平均，即使在其充分商业化后，各个钠离子电池供应商的主要竞争方向也大概率会围绕技术、成本和产品性能方面展开，而不会出现争资源、抢锂矿这样的局面，稀缺资源炒作也大概率不会发生。这对于市场，尤其是有强大政策导向和庞大市场体量的储能市场来说，是一件好事。文章转载自36氪公众号